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相关概念视频

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

1.5K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

4.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry
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基因表达调节中的动态RNA修饰

Ian A Roundtree1, Molly E Evans2, Tao Pan2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57(th) Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57(th) Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Cell
|June 17, 2017
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

动态RNA修饰,包括N6-甲基氨酸 (m6A),对于编码和非编码RNA的基因调节和细胞过程至关重要. 这些修改增加了对遗传信息的新层控制.

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相关实验视频

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科学领域:

  • 生物化学
  • 分子生物学
  • 遗传学

背景情况:

  • 在细胞RNA中存在100多种化学修饰.
  • 虽然5'帽和多A) 尾是已知的调节剂,但内部RNA修饰越来越被认为是它们的作用.
  • N6-甲基氨酸 (m6A) 是最丰富的内部mRNA修饰.

研究的目的:

  • 突出内部RNA修饰的日益重要.
  • 要强调蛋白质在安装,识别和移除RNA标记中的作用.
  • 为了说明RNA修饰对细胞功能的影响.

主要方法:

  • 参与RNA修饰的蛋白质的鉴定.
  • 对RNA修饰的功能后果的分析.
  • 对编码和非编码RNA修饰的研究.

主要成果:

  • 在mRNA代谢的几乎所有方面都涉及到RNA修饰.
  • 这些修饰在细胞,发育和疾病过程中起着关键作用.
  • 非编码RNA如tRNA,rRNA和结合体RNA依赖于功能修饰.

结论:

  • 动态RNA修饰是基因信息控制的一个基本层.
  • 了解这些修饰是理解基因表达和细胞调节的关键.
  • 进一步研究RNA修饰将揭示它们对健康和疾病的贡献.