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在玉米作物附近,长期暴露于类毒素会降低蜜蜂的健康
N Tsvetkov1, O Samson-Robert2, K Sood1
1Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Ontario, Canada.
概括
新类杀虫剂会损害蜜蜂的健康,增加死亡率并降低社会免疫力. 现实的野外暴露,特别是杀菌剂,对玉米作物附近的蜂群产生重大影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学
- 生态毒理学
- 蜜蜂养殖
背景情况:
- 在农业中,特别是玉米生产中,新类杀虫剂被广泛使用.
- 之前关于新烟类药物和蜜蜂健康的研究因缺乏现实的暴露情景而受到批评.
- 蜜蜂 (蜜蜂) 的数量在全球显著下降,引发了对授粉者健康的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 量化加拿大玉米种植地区的现实性暴露水平.
- 实验研究现场现实的新烟类药物对蜜蜂健康的影响.
- 评估新烟类药物和一种常见的杀菌剂对蜜蜂的协同毒性.
主要方法:
- 在加拿大的玉米种植区中,量化了新烟类药物暴露的持续时间和程度.
- 设计并使用蜜蜂群进行现实的实验室和实地实验.
- 评估蜜蜂死亡率,社会免疫力,没有女王的情况,以及在杀菌剂存在时的急性毒性.
主要成果:
- 蜜蜂群体在活动季节的大部分时间内接触到自然的新类毒素.
- 在现场实验中,新烟类药物显著增加了工蜂的死亡率.
- 随着时间的推移,新类药物暴露与社会免疫力下降和无女王性增加有关.
- 当与常见的杀菌剂相结合时, 对蜜蜂的急性毒性增加了一倍.
结论:
- 对农业地区的蜜蜂健康有负面影响.
- 对蜜蜂种群的风险增加
- 这些发现强调了需要修订农药应用策略以保护重要的授粉者.
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