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Vaccinations01:51

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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
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Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

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Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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麻疹

William J Moss1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; International Vaccine Access Center, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|July 5, 2017
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

麻疹是一种传染性病毒性疾病, 每年造成10万多人死亡. 疫苗接种显著降低了麻疹的发病率和死亡率,

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科学领域:

  • 病毒学
  • 流行病学
  • 公共卫生

背景情况:

  • 麻疹是一种通过呼吸道传播的高度传染性病毒性疾病.
  • 虽然疫苗接种减少了全球死亡率,
  • 并发症,特别是肺炎,导致患病率和死亡率.

研究的目的:

  • 审查麻疹的流行病学和影响.
  • 强调疫苗接种对控制和根除麻疹的重要性.
  • 讨论目前的挑战和消除麻疹的未来方向.

主要方法:

  • 关于麻疹流行病学,临床表现和管理的文献综述.
  • 对全球麻疹发病率和死亡率趋势的分析.
  • 检查疫苗接种策略和正在进行的研究.

主要成果:

  • 接种麻疹疫苗每年使死亡人数从200多万减少到10万以上.
  • 肺炎是导致麻疹相关发病率和死亡率的主要并发症.
  • 全球疫苗接种率停滞不前,

结论:

  • 通过疫苗接种预防麻疹对于区域消除和全球根除至关重要.
  • 加强常规免疫系统和增加两剂疫苗覆盖率至关重要.
  • 诊断和传染方法的创新可能会加速消除麻疹的进展.