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通过加强当地相关能力,推动新出现疾病监测的改进
Jo E B Halliday1, Katie Hampson2, Nick Hanley3
1Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. jo.halliday@glasgow.ac.uk.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 15, 2017
概括
通过关注当地相关疾病,加强低收入和中等收入国家的疾病监测可以改善新出现的传染病的检测. 这种方法增强了健康公平和全球安全.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生安全
- 流行病学
- 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 新出现的传染病对人类,动物和农作物健康构成重大威胁.
- 目前对EID出现的预测能力有限.
- 低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 的公共卫生基础设施在发现和应对EID方面往往最薄弱,尽管EID出现的驱动因素趋同.
研究的目的:
- 建议加强LMIC的疾病监测,以此作为提高EID准备的战略.
- 突出如何专注于当地相关的疾病可以建立必要的跨领域能力.
- 解决卫生系统的不平等问题,改善全球卫生安全.
主要方法:
- 这项研究强调了概念性方法,倡导将本地疾病监测与更广泛的EID准备整合起来.
- 它要求在监控系统中考虑经济,社会和文化背景.
- 这种方法侧重于利用现有的健康负担来建立有弹性的监测基础设施.
主要成果:
- 加强本地监测可以创造适应能力,这对于管理特有病和EID威胁至关重要.
- 将当地卫生需求纳入监测系统可以解决健康不平等问题.
- 在LMIC加强监测可以改善EID的早期检测和制.
结论:
- 将监测重点放在最不发达国家和最不发达地区的相关疾病上,是加强疫情防控的可行策略.
- 这种方法可以同时提高健康公平性,并有助于实现全球健康安全目标.
- 投资于当地监测能力为当前的健康挑战和未来的EID威胁带来了双重利益.
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