通过疫苗预防寨卡病毒引起的先天性疾病
Justin M Richner1, Brett W Jagger1, Chao Shan2
1Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Cell
|July 15, 2017
概括
两种疫苗平台,即修改后的mRNA和活衰减的寨卡病毒 (ZIKV),在保护孕妇小鼠免受寨卡病毒传染给胎儿方面表现有前途. 这些ZIKV疫苗预防了胎盘损伤和胎儿死亡,
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 与先天性缺陷相关的寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 的出现需要开发疫苗.
- 现有的动物研究证实了疫苗的有效性,但在怀孕期间的保护仍然没有解决.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠模型中评估两种针对子宫内寨卡病毒传播的疫苗平台.
- 评估修饰mRNA和活衰减ZIKV疫苗在预防胎儿ZIKV感染和相关并发症方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在怀孕小鼠中测试脂质纳米颗粒封装的修饰mRNA疫苗和活衰减ZIKV疫苗.
- 用异种ZIKV菌株挑战接种疫苗的母体,并在胚胎第13天评估母体,胎盘和胎儿组织中的病毒RNA水平.
主要成果:
- 这两种疫苗平台显著降低了母体,胎盘和胎儿组织中的ZIKVRNA水平.
- 接种疫苗可以防止胎盘损伤和胎儿死亡.
- 在临床前模型中证明了对子宫内ZIKV传播的限制.
结论:
- 修改后的mRNA和活体减弱的疫苗平台有效地预防小鼠在子宫内传播寨卡病毒.
- 这些发现支持进一步开发这些ZIKV疫苗以预防人类的先天性寨卡综合征.
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