导致阿尔茨海默病的突变通过破坏γ-分泌酶-βn相互作用来改变Aβ长度
Maria Szaruga1, Bogdan Munteanu2, Sam Lismont1
1KU Leuven-VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Institute for Neuroscience and Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Cell
|July 29, 2017
概括
阿尔茨海默病的突变破坏了酶处理,导致更长的粉样β. 稳定这些相互作用可以防止阿尔茨海默病的进展.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学
- 神经科学
- 生物化学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 与前列素 (PSEN) 和粉样蛋白前体蛋白 (APP) 的突变有关.
- 这些突变改变了粉样β (Aβ) 的长度,这是AD发病的一个关键因素.
- 这种Aβ长度转移的确切机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 阐明PSEN和APP突变影响Aβ长度的机制.
- 研究酶基质复合物的稳定性在γ-分泌酶处理中的作用.
- 确定预防阿尔茨海默病的潜在治疗目标.
主要方法:
- 在APP的序列性γ-分泌酶处理过程中研究了酶基质 (E-S) 复合物的稳定性.
- 利用致病性PSEN和APP突变来评估它们对ES复合物的稳定性的影响.
- 研究了环境因素 (温度,化合物,洗剂) 和稳定剂对Aβ产生和ES复合物的稳定性的影响.
主要成果:
- 在APP处理过程中,基质缩短会逐渐使ES复合物不稳定.
- 致病性PSEN或APP突变进一步破坏了这些复合体的稳定,促进了更长的Aβ生成.
- 由于各种因素导致E-S复合物的不稳定,从而增加了氨基基酶Aβ的释放,而稳定剂则增强了γ-分泌酶的过程性.
结论:
- 提出了一个统一的模型,其中PSEN/APP突变和环境因素破坏了E-S复合体的稳定,增强了粉素Aβ的产生.
- 表明环境因素可能导致阿尔茨海默病风险.
- 为开发预防AD的γ-分泌酶/基质稳定化合物提供理论基础.
相关概念视频
Amyloid Fibrils
12.1K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
12.1K
Amyloid Fibrils
6.8K
6.8K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
1.9K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
1.9K
Mutations
95.0K
Overview
95.0K
Mutations
44.8K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
44.8K
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
1.1K
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
1.1K


