聚类突变标记显示,容易发生错误的DNA修复将突变定位在活跃的基因上
1EMBL-CRG Systems Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Division of Electronics, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Cell
|July 29, 2017
概括
聚类突变提供了一个精确的指纹来识别突变过程. 这项研究揭示了与APOBEC活动,烟草吸烟以及各种癌症的DNA修复机制相关的特征.
科学领域:
- 基因组学
- 癌症生物学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 鉴定基因组突变的具体原因是具有挑战性的,因为多个过程产生了类似的核酸变化.
- 集群突变比单个突变更准确地显示突变过程.
- 了解这些信号对于癌症研究和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在大量瘤基因组数据集中识别和表征不同的集群突变特征.
- 将这些特征与特定的突变因子联系起来,例如化学暴露和DNA修复途径.
- 研究不同癌症类型中这些突变的基因组向.
主要方法:
- 对1000多个瘤基因组进行分析,
- 开发和应用计算方法来检测突变特征.
- 已知突变因子 (如烟草,紫外线,酒精) 和DNA修复机制 (如MMR,POLH) 与已知突变因子的相关性.
主要成果:
- 发现了九种不同的突变特征.
- 三个签名与APOBEC突变活动有关.
- 三个签名与吸烟有关,一个与转化DNA聚合酶eta (POLH) 相关.
- 在淋巴细胞中,突变向促进体,与体质突变一致.
- 在固体瘤中,突变以MMR依赖的方式向H3K36me3,与紫外线和酒精暴露有关.
结论:
- 聚类突变签名为剖析癌症突变过程提供了强大的工具.
- 特定的特征与不同的环境暴露和内生因素有关.
- 突变对活性基因染色体的向,特别是在MMR缺乏的环境中,突出了导致癌症发展和驱动突变的重要机制.
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