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在DNA损伤后的转基因进展使微核内模式识别成为可能
Shane M Harding1, Joseph L Benci2,3,4, Jerome Irianto5,6,7
1Department of Cancer Biology, Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Nature
|August 1, 2017
概括
基因毒性癌症治疗通过细胞循环进化引发延迟的炎症,导致微核的形成. 这一过程在与辐射和免疫检查点阻断相结合时,对于瘤反应至关重要.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 免疫学
- 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 基因毒性癌症疗法诱导炎症基因表达,但潜在的机制和延迟发病情况尚不清楚.
- 通过调节瘤微环境,炎症性细胞因子对于瘤对放射治疗的局部和腹腔反应至关重要.
- 延迟的炎症反应 (几天) 与急性DNA损伤反应 (几分钟到几个小时) 相反,表明额外的速度限制步骤.
研究的目的:
- 阐明基因毒性癌症治疗后导致DNA损伤的炎症的机制.
- 研究细胞周期进展和微核形成在炎症信号传递中的作用.
- 评估STING-cGAS通路和细胞循环调节对活体瘤回归的影响.
主要方法:
- 研究了双链DNA断裂,细胞循环通过分裂和微核形成之间的联系.
- 评估了微核内循环GMP- AMP合成酶 (cGAS) 在激活炎症信号中的作用.
- 在细胞和体内模型中利用STING-cGAS途径抑制和细胞循环进展阻断.
主要成果:
- 细胞循环的进展通过细胞分裂后的DNA断裂导致微核的形成,在炎症信号激活之前.
- 微核作为cGAS的存储器,这是干扰素信号传递至关重要的模式识别受体.
- 抑制了线粒分裂或干扰了STING- cGAS通路的干扰信号传递;在体内,STING损失阻止了瘤的缩.
结论:
- 细胞周期的时间调节,特别是通过线粒分裂和随后的微核形成的进展,是DNA损伤引起的炎症的关键速度限制步骤.
- 通过微核激活的STING-cGAS通路对于结合免疫检查点阻塞的瘤反应至关重要.
- 向细胞循环进展可能增强将基因毒药与免疫检查点抑制剂结合的治疗策略.
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