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夜间的人造光线是对授粉的新威胁

Eva Knop¹, Leana Zoller¹, Remo Ryser¹

¹University of Bern, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

|August 8, 2017

概括

晚上人工光线会破坏夜间授粉,减少62%的植物和13%的水果. 这些负面影响可能会扩散到白天授粉者,加剧授粉者减少.

科学领域:

生态学
环境科学
保护生物学

背景情况:

授粉者数量在全球范围内下降,威胁着作物和野生植物的重要授粉服务.
人为因素如息地丧失和农药导致授粉者数量减少.
增加夜间人工光线 (ALAN) 对陆地生态系统和生态系统功能的影响在很大程度上是未知的.

研究的目的:

研究夜间人工光对夜间授粉网络的影响.
评估ALAN对植物繁殖成功的影响.
了解夜间授粉中断如何影响白天授粉者和整个植物授粉者社区结构.

主要方法:

在植物授粉者群体的夜间人工光的实验操作.
在照明和黑暗条件下对夜间授粉者访问植物的量化.
在不同光线条件下测量植物繁殖成功 (果).
对白天和夜间授粉子网络进行分析,以评估网络结构和潜在的级联效应.

主要成果:

与黑暗环境相比,夜间人工照明显著减少了62%的夜间授粉者访问.
由于夜间授粉中断,一个焦点植物物种的果减少了13%,尽管有白天授粉.
网络分析显示,夜间授粉中断可能会扩散到白天社区,可能会加剧下降.

结论:

夜间人工光线对夜间授粉服务和植物繁殖成功构成重大威胁.
夜间授粉者并不多余; 破坏他们的活动会对植物群落产生负面影响.
由ALAN破坏的夜间授粉对日间社区的负面影响的扩散凸显了对授粉者整体健康和生态系统功能的新威胁.

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