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通过神经美丁U对2型先天性淋巴细胞进行神经调节

Vânia Cardoso^1,2, Julie Chesné^1,2, Hélder Ribeiro^1,2

¹Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.

|September 5, 2017

概括

神经元直接控制免疫细胞,称为第2组先天性淋巴细胞 (ILC2s),使用神经美丁U (NMU). 这种神经元-ILC2通信能够快速地保护组织和免疫反应.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
神经科学是一个神经科学.
细胞生物学细胞生物学

背景情况:

第二组先天性淋巴细胞 (ILC2s) 对于炎症,组织修复和代谢平衡至关重要.
虽然一些免疫细胞感知神经系统信号,但神经元对ILC2s的直接控制尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

研究神经元衍生信号在调节ILC2功能中的作用.
阐明神经元与ILC2s通信的机制.

主要方法:

在小鼠中研究了神经胺U (NMU) 和它的受体 (Nmur1) 表达.
研究了NMU对ILC2激活和细胞因子产生 in vitro和 in vivo的影响.
在ILC2中利用了Nmur1的基因切除,以评估功能后果.
观察了粘膜神经元和ILC2s之间的解剖关系.

主要成果:

ILC2s表达神经胺U受体1 (Nmur1),粘膜神经元产生NMU.
通过NMUR1,NMU直接激活ILC2s,从而通过NMUR1迅速产生炎症和组织修复细胞因子.
NMU信号涉及氨酸和NFAT激活通路.
在体内NMU治疗诱导了2型保护性免疫反应.
特定于ILC2的Nmur1除损害了2型反应和虫感染控制.
神经元感知病原体相关的分子 (警报剂) 释放NMU,控制ILC2s.

结论:

一个功能性神经元-ILC2单元存在,由NMU信号传递中介.
这一神经免疫轴提供了神经元启动的快速组织保护.
协调的神经免疫反应对于天生的免疫和宿主防御至关重要.

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