行为时间尺度突触可塑性是CA1位置场的基础
Katie C Bittner1, Aaron D Milstein1,2, Christine Grienberger1
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 9, 2017
概括
科学家们发现了一种新形式的突触可塑性,称为行为时间尺度突触可塑性,它有助于在大脑中创建位置场. 这个过程允许通过修改突触强度来快速学习序列,即使输入与神经元发射没有直接联系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 突触性可塑性 突触性可塑性
- 学习和记忆的学习和记忆
背景情况:
- 突触可塑性对学习和记忆至关重要,主要是通过活动依赖突触强度的修改.
- 像赫比恩可塑性这样的现有模型依赖于巧合的突触前和突触后活动.
- 在海马体中快速形成位置场的背后的机制仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究负责形成海马区域CA1.1.地方场的突触机制.
- 为了识别超越传统的Hebbian规则的突触可塑性的新型形式.
- 了解神经元电路如何学习和表示序列信息.
主要方法:
- 在海马区域CA1的体内电生理学观察地点场形成.
- 在体外切片电生理学,以表征突触可塑性诱导和时间过程.
- 利用平原潜力和下值前突触刺激.
主要成果:
- 确定了一种新型的突触强化形式,称为行为时间尺度突触可塑性 (BTSP).
- 在单个试验中,BTSP可以在体内诱导位置场,而不依赖于与动作潜力的严格时间巧合.
- 这种可塑性表现出一个不对称的,持续数秒的时间过程,使得复杂的尖端形成之前或之后几秒钟到达的输入变得更强大.
- 在切片中,BTSP是通过将下值前突触活动与平原潜力配对来诱导的.
结论:
- 行为时间尺度突触可塑性提供了一个快速编码序列信息以突触权重的机制.
- 这种可塑性规则偏离了赫布斯原理,允许输入的增强,而不是立即之前的 postsynaptic 激活.
- BTSP提供了一个框架,用于理解预测位置细胞活动如何从经验中出现.
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