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一种新的,强效的,非活化的脊髓灰质炎疫苗的临床疗效

S E Robertson¹, H P Traverso, J A Drucker

¹Division of Immunization, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.

Lancet (London, England)

|April 23, 1988

概括

在塞内加尔,一种增强强度的非活化脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (N-IPV) 显示出对性脊髓灰质炎的显著疗效. 两剂N-IPV提供了89%的临床疗效,证明了其在疾病控制中的有效性.

科学领域:

流行病学流行病学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

塞内加尔在1986-87年经历了麻性脊髓灰质炎的重大爆发,报告了676例病例.
科尔达地区自1980年以来一直使用增强强度的非活化脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (N-IPV),为有效性评估提供了独特的环境.

研究的目的:

在1986-87年塞内加尔爆发的脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (N-IPV) 中评估增强强度的失活性脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (N-IPV) 的临床疗效.
为了确定一剂与两剂N-IPV在预防麻性脊髓灰质炎方面的有效性.

主要方法:

进行了一项病例控制研究,注册了89例确诊的脊髓灰质炎病例,残留.
为了评估疫苗的有效性,每个病例招募了多达五个匹配的对照.
根据疫苗接种状态和疾病确认,计算出临床疗效.

主要成果:

一剂N-IPV显示36%的临床疗效 (95% CI 0%, 67%).
两剂N-IPV显示显著更高的临床疗效89% (95%CI62%,97%).
这些发现表明,N-IPV.具有强烈的剂量依赖的保护作用.

结论:

增强强度的非活化脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (N-IPV) 是有效的预防麻性脊髓灰质炎.
实现两剂疫苗接种计划显著提高了对脊髓灰质炎病毒的保护.
对于控制脊髓灰质炎疫情和实现根除,N-IPV疫苗接种策略至关重要.

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