癌症药物成是由ERK2依赖的表型开关传递的
Xiangjun Kong1, Thomas Kuilman1, Aida Shahrabi1
1Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
对BRAF抑制剂成的癌细胞利用了涉及ERK2,JUNB和FRA1的途径. 破坏这一途径,包括MITF关闭,可以在治疗停止时防止细胞死亡,为耐药癌症提供新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 分子生物学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 抗癌治疗的瘤可能会依赖这些药物,这种脆弱性被称为"药物成".
- 对于开发有效的癌症治疗方法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用CRISPR-Cas9屏幕识别致癌细胞对BRAF抑制剂成的基因和途径.
- 阐明成的瘤细胞在停止治疗后生存的机制.
主要方法:
- 在BRAF抑制剂耐药性和上性黑色素瘤细胞中进行无偏差的CRISPR- Cas9淘汰查.
- 在药物戒断时分析信号通路,转录因子和细胞表型.
- 在培养细胞,动物模型和来自患者的黑色素瘤样本中进行研究.
主要成果:
- 一个涉及ERK2激酶,JUNB和FRA1转录因子的信号通路被确定为治疗停止后生存的关键.
- 在黑色素瘤和肺癌细胞中,药物停用诱导了ERK2依赖的表型切换和转录重编程,包括MITF关闭.
- 恢复MITF表达逆转了表型切换并防止了致死性;在患者治疗后停止黑色素瘤时,AXL受体激酶表达增加.
结论:
- 已识别的ERK2-JUNB-FRA1通路对于维持癌细胞中毒是必不可少的.
- 针对这种途径,特别是MITF监管, 提供了克服耐药性的潜在策略.
- 与达卡巴结合的药物戒断协同抑制了MITF和BCL-2,导致DNA损伤,这表明BRAF抑制剂耐药癌症的新疗法组合.
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