全民健康覆盖和跨部门健康行动:疾病控制优先事项的关键信息,第三版
Dean T Jamison1, Ala Alwan2, Charles N Mock2
1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 29, 2017
概括
疾病控制重点,第三版 (DCP3) 概述了21个基本的健康套餐,旨在在中低收入国家每年减少420万例过早死亡. 实现这一目标需要大量投资和跨部门行动.
科学领域:
- 全球健康
- 健康经济学
- 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 世界银行的疾病控制重点,第三版 (DCP3) 包含2015年至2018年间出版的9卷.
- 第九卷综合了所有DCP3卷的关键信息和横向分析,重点是改善健康和减少贫困.
研究的目的:
- 将所有九卷DCP3的结论传达出来,强调基本卫生套餐在实现全民健康覆盖方面的作用.
- 提出一个基本的全民健康覆盖 (EUHC) 模式概念,以218项干预措施作为国家特定优先事项的起点.
主要方法:
- 分析是围绕21个基本方案进行的,每个方案都结合了跨部门政策和卫生部门的干预措施.
- 确定了71项跨部门预防政策,其中29项优先实施.
- 将卫生部门的干预分为五个平台:以人口为基础,社区层面,卫生中心,一级医院和转诊医院.
主要成果:
- 预计到2030年实施EUHC将使中低收入国家每年减少420万例过早死亡.
- 据估计,欧盟医疗保健的总成本很大,在低收入国家占国内生产总值的9.1%,在中低收入国家占5.2%.
- 低中等收入国家因EUHC减少死亡率可能只能达到非传染性疾病的可持续发展目标的一半.
结论:
- 实现全面降低死亡率的目标需要增加投资,持续的跨部门行动,以及对有害产品征税和减少化石燃料补贴等财政政策.
- DCP3提供了国家一级分析的模型,承认国家特定的背景将需要量身定制的EUHC定义.
- 欧盟社会保障的实现越来越依赖于国内资金,全球援助的重点转移到全球公共产品上.
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