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火灾频率推动了土壤碳和以及生态系统生产力的十年变化
Adam F A Pellegrini1, Anders Ahlström1,2, Sarah E Hobbie3
1Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nature
|December 12, 2017
概括
频繁的火灾在数十年内大大减少了草原和宽叶森林中的土壤碳和. 这种损失会影响生态系统的碳储存和植物生产力,影响全球碳循环.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 全球火灾频率正在发生变化,影响碳循环和气候.
- 生态系统对火灾变化的反应,特别是长期的土壤碳和营养动态,仍然不确定.
- 了解这些影响对于预测气候变化影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析火灾频率变化对不同生态系统的土壤碳和储存的长期影响.
- 量化火灾导致的营养损失及其对植物生产力的潜在影响.
- 改善在未来的消防制度下对生态系统碳储存的预测.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自48个地点的数据,分析了多达65年的操纵火灾频率的数据.
- 在经常燃烧的地块与防火地块的土壤碳和的比较.
- 使用独立的现场数据集和动态的全球植被模型模拟.
主要成果:
- 与受保护地块相比,经常被烧毁的地块在64年内表层土壤碳 (36%) 和 (38%) 的含量显著下降,而不是和.
- 这些损失在萨凡纳草原和宽叶森林中很大,但在针叶森林中没有.
- 模型模拟预测,气损失可能会使净初级生产率的碳封存减少约20%的火灾排放的碳.
结论:
- 改变火灾频率大大降低了土壤的碳和,特别是在萨凡纳草原和宽叶森林.
- 长期的土壤碳变化对于准确的生态系统碳储存估计至关重要,如果省略,可能会被低估30%.
- 消防制度的变化可以通过影响土壤池和的可用性来改变生态系统的碳吸收能力.
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