在发育障碍中核应激和rDNA损伤的组织选择性影响
Eliezer Calo1,2, Bo Gu3, Margot E Bowen4
1Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nature
|January 25, 2018
概括
与核糖体生物生成缺陷相关的面疾病涉及DDX21功能障碍. 在头骨神经细胞中的DDX21功能受损会导致DNA损伤和亡,导致面部形.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学
- 发育生物学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 面疾病通常源于基因突变,这些基因调节细胞的基本功能,如转录和核糖体生物发生.
- 头骨神经细胞对面部发育至关重要,但这些疾病中细胞类型特异性的缺陷的原因尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查DDX21在面发育中的作用,以及它与Treacher Collins综合征的联系.
- 阐明核细胞功能障碍,核糖体DNA损伤和面形的联系机制.
主要方法:
- 研究了Treacher Collins综合征相关突变对DDX21局部化和功能的影响.
- 评估DDX21功能障碍对头骨神经细胞的rRNA处理,基因转录和p53激活的影响.
- 研究了阻止DDX21重新定位对面表型和亡的救援效应.
主要成果:
- 在Treacher Collins综合征中发生的遗传乱导致DDX21从细胞核转移,抑制rRNA处理和核糖体蛋白质基因转录.
- 在DDX21丢失时,头骨神经细胞表现出p53介导的亡,通过防止DDX21的重新定位来挽救.
- 在血细胞形成和Diamond- Blackfan贫血模型中观察到类似的DDX21错位化和对亡的敏感性.
结论:
- 由于核糖体生物发生障碍导致DDX21功能受损导致核细胞功能障碍,rDNA损伤以及随后的面形.
- 面缺陷的细胞类型选择性与特定细胞类型的敏感性有关,如神经细胞,对DDX21损失和p53激活.
- 这项研究揭示了一种新奇的机制, 核细胞平衡受损导致特定组织的发育异常.
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