作为未被识别的海洋细菌杀手的非尾巴dDNA病毒的主要血统
Kathryn M Kauffman1, Fatima A Hussain1, Joy Yang1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nature
|January 25, 2018
概括
没有尾巴的双链DNA (dsDNA) 病毒,称为Autolykiviridae,是大量的海洋捕食者. 这些病毒具有广泛的宿主范围,在研究中经常被忽视,这凸显了它们的生态重要性.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 微生物学
- 海洋生态
背景情况:
- 双链DNA (dsDNA) 病毒很丰富,但尾状病毒 (Caudovirales) 占主导地位,不反映环境的多样性.
- 没有尾巴的病毒在海洋样本中占据主导地位, 引发了关于它们的身份和生态作用的问题.
研究的目的:
- 描述一组新的海洋非尾巴dDNA病毒.
- 在双果卷 (DJR) 体病毒系中提出Autolykiviridae家族.
- 研究这些病毒的生态影响和检测偏差.
主要方法:
- 隔离和描述感染Vibrionaceae的海洋dsDNA非尾状病毒.
- 病毒结构的生化和物理分析.
- 在Vibrio物种中确定宿主范围.
- 对环境元基因组进行生物信息分析.
主要成果:
- 自动病毒类具有短 (10kb) 基因组和广泛的宿主范围,平均感染每种34个宿主.
- 在测序和培养过程中,Virion的特征会导致系统性损失,简单的调整可以改善恢复.
- 在细菌,古生物和环境转基因组中,DJR病毒的传播广泛,远远超过目前公认的多样性.
结论:
- 自动虫是一种新的,有生态意义的,被忽视的海洋细菌捕食者群体.
- 没有尾巴的dsDNA DJR病毒与尾巴病毒具有不同的捕食和基因转移动态.
- 目前的病毒-细菌相互作用环境模型可能是不完整的,因为这些病毒的代表性不足.
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