相关实验视频
Updated: Feb 13, 2026

08:56
Evaluating the Role of Mitochondrial Function in Cancer-related Fatigue
Published on: May 17, 2018
9.6K
线粒体Papi和Zucchini在Bombyx生殖系piRNA生物发生中的等级作用
Kazumichi M Nishida1, Kazuhiro Sakakibara1, Yuka W Iwasaki2
1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
Nature
|March 1, 2018
概括
黄瓜内核酶对于丝虫中的piRNA 3'端形成至关重要,处理与PIWI和Papi结合的中间体. 这显示出与Drosophila相比,Bombyx的piRNA生物生成途径更简单.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学
- 遗传学
- 核糖核酸生物学
背景情况:
- 与PIWI相互作用的RNA (piRNA) 对于动物生殖系的基因组完整性至关重要.
- piRNA生物发生涉及PIWI蛋白,转子控制和特定的处理酶.
- (Zuc) 和 (Nbr) 在piRNA处理中的作用已在Drosophila中确立,但对其他物种的理解较少.
研究的目的:
- 调查 (Zuc) 和 (Nbr) 在丝虫Bombyx mori中的piRNA处理中的需求.
- 阐明piRNA 3'端形成的机制以及Papi和PIWI等相关蛋白质的作用.
主要方法:
- 基因淘汰研究评估Zuc在Bombyx中的功能.
- 使用重组Zuc处理piRNA中间体的生物化学测试.
- 在Papi-PIWI复合体内分析piRNA中间体.
主要成果:
- 在Bombyx中失去Zuc并没有影响Trim或Nbr水平,但导致piRNA中间体的积累.
- 重组Zuc将这些中间体加工成成熟的piRNA.
- 帕皮的RNA结合活性取决于PIWI结合和酸化,表明有层次的复合组合.
- PIWI的切片活动涉及5'和3'端中间体的形成,但Zuc特别需要3'端成熟.
结论:
- 在Bombyx mori中,糖果内核酶对于piRNAs的3'端形成至关重要.
- 博姆比克的piRNA生物发生比Drosophila更简单,缺乏依赖piRNA的分阶段转录沉默.
- Bombyx piRNAs的5'端依赖PIWI切片器,但不依赖Zuc,而3'端则依赖Zuc.
相关概念视频
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
7.7K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.7K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
9.3K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.3K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
17.1K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
17.1K
Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes
4.2K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
4.2K
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane
4.8K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria. In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
4.8K
Role of Septins
2.2K
Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
2.2K

