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相关概念视频

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Separation of Rat Epidermis and Dermis with Thermolysin to Detect Site-Specific Inflammatory mRNA and Protein
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mRNA结构决定了多Q驱动相分离的特异性

Erin M Langdon1, Yupeng Qiu2, Amirhossein Ghanbari Niaki2

  • 1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 14, 2018
PubMed
概括

传递 RNA (mRNA) 使用它们的结构进行自我关联,形成不同的细胞区. 然后蛋白质相互作用维持这些RNA驱动的液体区, 创造细胞多样性.

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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学
  • 分子生物学
  • 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 通过液相分离 (LLPS) 形成细胞无膜区.
  • 在这些富含RNA的区间内建立不同的分子组成的机制尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查传递 RNA (mRNA) 如何有助于形成和维持不同的液体区.
  • 确定RNA二次结构在分子招募和排除这些组件中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 研究了由RNA二次结构驱动的mRNA自我关联.
  • 研究了多Q蛋白Whi3对RNA结构和动态的影响.
  • 分析了区间内的RNA序列依赖分子波动.

主要成果:

  • RNA的二次结构使mRNA能够自我结合,从而决定区分成员的身份.
  • 蛋白质Whi3诱导RNA结构变化,调节分子波动.
  • 基于结构的RNA-RNA相互作用驱动着不同的滴滴组合和身份维护.

结论:

  • RNA的形状和结构对于形成多样化,共存的RNA丰富的液体区块至关重要.
  • 蛋白质介导的RNA稳定区的结构动力学.
  • 这为了解细胞无膜区的异质性提供了一个框架.