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在Drosophila的细菌共生体中杀死雄性毒素
Toshiyuki Harumoto1, Bruno Lemaitre2
1Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland. toshiyuki.harumoto@epfl.ch.
Nature
|May 4, 2018
概括
螺旋杆菌通过杀死雄性后代来操纵昆虫的繁殖. 研究人员发现一种细菌蛋白质,
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 遗传学
- 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 昆虫中的共生细菌可以操纵宿主繁殖以增强自身的传播.
- 螺旋杆菌是一种已知的导致雄性杀伤的细菌,但该机制仍然难以捉摸.
- 了解杀死男性的分子基础对于理解宿主与共生者的相互作用和生殖操纵至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定导致Drosophila中Spiroplasma poulsonii导致的雄性死亡的特定细菌因子.
- 阐明这一因素调解性别特异性致死性的机制.
- 描述已识别的细菌蛋白的功能域和宿主目标.
主要方法:
- 在Drosophila melanogaster中表达一种候选Spiroplasma poulsonii蛋白 (Spaid),以评估其对宿主生存的影响.
- 对Spaid亚细胞局部和功能域的分析 (基林重复,二基因酶域).
- 研究Spaid与宿主细胞机制的相互作用,特别是男性X染色体上的剂量补偿复合体.
- 一种突变的Spiroplasma poulsonii菌株的特征,
主要成果:
- 在Drosophila中Spaid蛋白的过度表达诱导了男性特异性致死性,细胞亡和神经缺陷,反映了自然感染.
- 斯派德似乎针对男性X染色体上的剂量补偿机制.
- 安基林重复和Spaid中的二基因酶域对其局部化和活性至关重要.
- 一种缺乏功能性虫的突变菌株显著降低了雄性杀伤能力.
结论:
- 已确定Spiroplasma poulsonii蛋白质是Drosophila中杀死雄性的致病剂.
- 通过干扰宿主的性别特异性基因表达,可能通过剂量补偿复合体.
- 这一发现揭示了一种新的细菌机制,通过对宿主细胞过程的性别特异性向来操纵宿主生殖.
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