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从青铜时代到中世纪的古老B型肝炎病毒

Barbara Mühlemann¹, Terry C Jones^1,2, Peter de Barros Damgaard³

¹Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

|May 11, 2018

概括

古老的乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 基因组揭示了它与人类的长期联系,可以追溯到数千年前. 这项研究揭示了复杂的HBV演变,包括已灭绝的基因型和与人类迁徙相关的古老地理分布.

科学领域:

古病毒学与进化生物学
古代基因组学与分子进化

背景情况:

乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 是人类肝炎的重要原因,但其进化时间表和与人类的关联尚不清楚.
了解HBV的古代历史对于解读它对人类健康和迁移模式的长期影响至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究HBV的古代进化历史.
了解HBV基因型与人类迁移模式的时间和地理分布.

主要方法:

对12个完全或部分古老的HBV基因组 (0.84.5万年) 的分析.
基因分析以确定HBV的进化关系.
估计HBV替代率和分离时间.

主要成果:

古老的HBV序列与现存的人类或猿类HBV集群.
估计HBV根在8.6×20.9千年前,其替代率为8.04×10−6.
观察到的古老基因型的地理分布与当今的模式不同,这表明早期的欧亚存在和与青铜/铁器时代的人类迁徙的联系.
通过重组和发现已灭绝的人类HBV基因型形成的证据.

结论:

古老的HBV基因组提供了对HBV演变的洞察力,这些洞察力仅仅来自现代序列.
乙型肝炎病毒与人类有着长期的联系,其进化模式反映了古代人类的迁徙.
这项研究强调了HBV演变的复杂性及其与人类人口的深厚历史联系.

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