通过正面聚合快速节能制造聚合物和复合材料
Ian D Robertson1,2, Mostafa Yourdkhani1, Polette J Centellas1,3
1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Nature
|May 11, 2018
概括
前端聚合能在几秒钟内快速固化热聚合物和复合材料,大大减少能源使用和制造时间. 这种先进的技术产生了与航空和汽车应用的传统方法相美的高性能材料.
科学领域:
- 材料科学
- 聚合物化学
- 化学工程
背景情况:
- 耐热聚合物和复合材料对于航空航天,汽车,海洋和能源行业至关重要,因为它们的高刚性,强度,热稳定性和化学耐受性.
- 这些材料的传统制造涉及缓慢,耗能,高温固化过程,使用大型自闭体或烤箱,需要大量的资本投资.
- 这些常规方法在生产先进组件的速度,能效和可扩展性方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 引入并展示前端聚合作为高性能热固聚合物和复合材料的快速和节能替代固化策略.
- 展示正面聚合能够生产具有微尺度特征的组件,3D打印结构和碳纤维增强.
- 通过正面聚合治愈的材料与使用常规方法治愈的材料的机械性能进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用正面聚合,一种自我传播的外热反应波,将液体热固化单体转化为完全固化的聚合物.
- 在环境和高温下精确控制的聚合动力学,以确保稳定和快速固化.
- 应用该技术制造聚合物零件,微尺度特征,3D打印结构和碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料.
主要成果:
- 在几秒钟内实现了耐热聚合物和复合材料的快速固化,与传统方法所需的时间相比显著减少.
- 展示了复杂结构的制造, 包括微尺度的特征和3D打印的部件, 使用这种加速固化过程.
- 证实所产生的聚合物和复合材料的机械性能与传统高温烤箱或自闭式固化所产生的机械性能相似.
结论:
- 面聚合提供了制造高性能耐热聚合物和复合材料的转型方法,大大减少了能源消耗和固化时间.
- 这种方法可以高效地生产具有微尺度精度和复杂几何形状的先进材料,适用于苛刻的工业应用.
- 该技术在包括航空航天,汽车,海洋和能源在内的各个领域具有广泛的适用性,有望大幅提高制造效率和成本效益.
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