通过分离的NAD+生物合成对转录的代谢调节
Keun Woo Ryu1,2,3, Tulip Nandu1,2, Jiyeon Kim4
1Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
概括
尼古丁胺氨基二核酸 (NAD+) 合成的分离整合了葡萄糖代谢和脂肪细胞的分化. 通过NMNAT-2的细胞质NAD+合成降低了核NAD+,抑制了PARP-1并驱动了脂肪生成.
科学领域:
- 细胞代谢
- 分子生物学
- 生物化学
背景情况:
- 尼古丁胺二核酸 (NAD+) 对许多生理过程至关重要.
- NAD+是由NMNAT-1,NMNAT-2和NMNAT-3酶在不同的细胞区合成的.
- 分离的NAD+合成在细胞信号和代谢调节中起作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查分离的NAD+合成如何整合葡萄糖代谢和脂肪转录.
- 阐明NMNAT酶在脂肪细胞分化过程中调节NAD+水平中的作用.
- 了解NAD+水平控制脂肪转录因子的机制.
主要方法:
- 研究了脂肪细胞中的NAD+合成和分离.
- 研究了NMNAT酶,NAD+水平和葡萄糖代谢之间的相互作用.
- 评估了NAD+耗尽对PARP-1活性和C/EBPβ修饰的影响.
- 分析了NMNAT-2在调节脂肪转录中的作用.
主要成果:
- 基信号诱导细胞质NMNAT-2,与核NMNAT-1竞争尼古丁胺单核酸.
- 这种竞争导致了核NAD+水平的降低,抑制了多[腺二酸盐 (ADP) - рибо]聚合酶-1 (PARP-1) 的活性.
- 通过NMNAT-2介导的核NAD+耗尽可以逆转PARP-1依赖的脂肪转录,从而促进脂肪生成.
- 分离的NAD+合成是代谢状态和转录程序的关键整合剂.
结论:
- 通过NMNAT酶进行分离的NAD+合成对于将葡萄糖代谢与脂肪转录集成至关重要.
- 核NAD+水平的NMNAT-2介导调节是控制脂肪细胞分化的关键机制.
- 这一途径突出显示了细胞代谢,NAD+稳态和脂肪生成中的转录控制之间的新联系.
相关概念视频
Master Transcription Regulators
7.8K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.8K
Master Transcription Regulators
2.8K
2.8K
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators
7.4K
Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome. Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
7.4K
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators
2.6K
2.6K
Regulation of Metabolism
11.7K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
11.7K
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches
780
Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
780


