白血病劫持神经机制入侵中枢神经系统
Hisayuki Yao1,2, Trevor T Price1, Gaia Cantelli1
1Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Nature
|July 20, 2018
概括
急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 通过骨髓桥梁血管侵入中枢神经系统,而不是血脑屏障. 向α6整合素途径显著降低了中枢神经系统的白血病侵袭.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 神经科学
- 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 经常转移到中枢神经系统 (CNS).
- 甲状腺转移,而不是对酶体的侵袭,是所有中枢神经系统的特征.
- ALL细胞侵入中枢神经系统的确切机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 解释ALL细胞侵入中枢神经系统的机制.
- 研究特定分子相互作用在ALL中枢神经系统转移中的作用.
- 评估针对已确定入侵途径的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 使用ALL异种移植的小鼠模型.
- 研究了沿骨髓-中枢神经系统桥梁血管的ALL细胞迁移.
- 在体外和体内检查了α6整合素和拉米因相互作用的作用.
- 评估PI3Kδ抑制剂和α6整合素中和抗体的疗效.
主要成果:
- 所有的细胞并没有突破血脑屏障,而是通过骨髓和中枢神经系统的桥梁进行迁移.
- 在ALL细胞上的α6整合素与桥梁血管底膜中的拉米因相互作用,促进中枢神经系统的进入.
- 用PI3Kδ抑制剂或α6整合素抗体治疗减少了中枢神经系统白血病负担和症状.
- 尽管对骨髓疾病的影响很小,但治疗干预措施显示出有效性.
结论:
- 通过沿着桥梁血管的神经迁移途径, ALL 侵入中枢神经系统.
- α6 整合素- 胺素相互作用是所有中枢神经系统转移的关键调解剂.
- 向α6整合素是预防或治疗中枢神经系统白血病的一个有前途的治疗策略.
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