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小鼠神经系统的分子结构

Amit Zeisel¹, Hannah Hochgerner¹, Peter Lönnerberg¹

¹Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.

|August 11, 2018

概括

研究人员绘制了超过50万个单个细胞来详细描述小鼠神经系统的细胞类型. 这揭示了神经元的多样性, 并确定了七种不同的星球细胞类型,

科学领域:

神经科学
基因组学
细胞生物学

背景情况:

哺乳动物的神经系统的复杂性依赖于多样化,专门的细胞类型.
了解这些细胞的确切作用和相互作用对于破译大脑功能和行为至关重要.

研究的目的:

使用单细胞RNA测序创建鼠标神经系统的综合细胞类型普查.
在空间上绘制识别的细胞类型并建立数据驱动的分类.
研究神经元和质细胞多样性的分子驱动因素.

主要方法:

来自小鼠神经系统的约50万个单细胞RNA测序.
神经系统结构中的细胞类型的空间映射.
层次聚类和数据驱动分析以获得细胞分类学.

主要成果:

在小鼠神经系统中的多种细胞类型的详细普查和空间地图.
神经元多样性是由发育起源,神经递质表达和与突触功能和膜性质相关的基因特征.
确定了七种不同的区域限制的星细胞类型,与神经递质分布相关.
在最初的研究中,Oligodendrocytes 呈现出区域性认同的丧失,随后出现多样化.

结论:

这项研究为了解哺乳动物神经系统的分子结构提供了基础资源.
已识别的细胞类型及其空间组织为神经电路功能提供了洞察力.
这种资源可以对特定细胞类型进行有针对性的基因操纵,用于未来的研究.

关键词:

核糖核酸测序细胞类型分类方式单细胞转录组学转录组学

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