与M.结核病感染相关的免疫因子的多队列研究
Roshni Roy Chowdhury1,2, Francesco Vallania3,4, Qianting Yang5
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nature
|August 24, 2018
概括
潜在的结核感染涉及增强的细胞毒性反应和免疫偏差. 自然杀手细胞水平表明结核病患者的疾病进展和治疗反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 传染性疾病
- 主体与病原体的相互作用
背景情况:
- 结核菌 (Mtb) 感染影响全球四分之一的人口,大多数病例是潜伏的,但有些病例进展为活跃的疾病.
- 了解影响结核病感染结果的免疫因素对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
- 目前对MTB感染不同阶段宿主反应的了解尚不完整.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定特定阶段的宿主免疫反应对 Mycobacterium 结核病感染.
- 阐明免疫因子,使潜伏结核感染与活跃疾病有所区别.
- 找到预测结核病进展和治疗反应的生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 使用高维质细胞计和功能测试对多个队列进行综合分析.
- 来自不同种群和感染阶段的转录组数据的细胞类型解卷.
- 长度队列分析以追踪免疫细胞群的随时间变化.
主要成果:
- 潜伏性结核与增强的CD16 (FcγRIIIa) 和自然杀手细胞介导的细胞毒性反应以及T和B细胞区间偏差有关.
- 潜伏期内外围T细胞和B细胞区间的偏差在各个队列中异质.
- 在潜伏期内循环自然杀手细胞的增加,活跃疾病的减少,并在治愈后恢复到基线,在所有队列中都是一致的.
- 自然杀手细胞水平的变化与疾病进展,治疗反应和肺炎有关.
结论:
- 主体免疫反应,特别是涉及自然杀手细胞,在决定结核感染结果方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 自然杀手细胞的丰富性作为监测结核病进展和治疗疗效的潜在生物标志物.
- 这些发现为结核病潜伏期的病理生理学提供了洞察力,并确定了影响感染轨迹的关键因素.
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