需要的生长促进剂在整个脊髓损伤中推动轴突再生
Mark A Anderson1,2, Timothy M O'Shea1, Joshua E Burda1
1Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nature
|August 31, 2018
概括
研究人员通过结合三个发育因素,在成年动物中刺激了完全脊髓损伤 (SCI) 的强轴突再生. 这种方法为SCI提供了一个有前途的生物修复策略,
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 复原医学
- 脊髓损伤研究
背景情况:
- 成年哺乳动物的轴突在完全脊髓损伤 (SCI) 后无法再生.
- 促进轴突生长的发育因素在成年人中减少.
- 扭转SCI引起的再生失败需要解决多种生物障碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查结合发育生长机制是否可以克服成年动物的SCI再生失败.
- 确定激发完全SCI病变中的强大的轴突再生的关键因素.
- 制定一个基于机制的SCI修复策略.
主要方法:
- 使用特定生长因子 (例如,骨质,IGF-1,CNTF) 重新激活内在神经元生长能力.
- 具有生长因子的诱导生长支持基质 (例如FGF2,EGF).
- 使用生物材料储存器以控制化学吸引剂 (例如GDNF) 的释放,以引导SCI后的轴突生长.
主要成果:
- 这三种机制的联合应用,而不是单独的因素,刺激了强大的脊柱轴突再生 (比对照增加100倍).
- 再生的轴突扩展到病变中心之外,形成突触联系,并恢复了电生理传导.
- 在小鼠和大鼠中,通过完整的SCI病变证明了成功的再生.
结论:
- 克服完全SCI重生失败需要组合,顺序的发展必不可少的生长机制.
- 这种多方面的方法为完整的SCI提供了可行的生物修复策略.
- 这些研究结果支持将SCI整合到康复中,以改善SCI患者的功能恢复.
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