一个GPCR中的自然变异和工程突变促进了C. elegans的DEET耐药性
Emily J Dennis1, May Dobosiewicz2, Xin Jin2,3
1Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behaviour, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|September 28, 2018
概括
通过破坏嗅觉通路,N,N-甲胺 (DEET) 扰乱了昆虫和线虫的行为. 研究人员在C. elegans中发现了一个特定的基因,str-217,以及对DEET必不可少的ADL神经元
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 昆虫学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- N,N-甲胺 (DEET) 是一种广泛使用的对各种无脊椎动物有效的排斥剂.
- DEET的作用机制,特别是在昆虫中,涉及嗅觉系统,但仍然不完全理解.
- 这种"混"假设表明DEET调节嗅觉通路以破坏行为反应.
研究的目的:
- 通过基因可处理的线虫Caenorhabditis elegans阐明DEET作用的分子机制.
- 确定涉及DEET敏感性和耐药性的遗传成分.
- 研究DEET如何影响神经元水平的行为.
主要方法:
- 在C. elegans中进行基因查以识别耐DEET突变物.
- 基因识别和表征,专注于G蛋白结合受体.
- 神经图像和光遗传学研究DEET对化学感应神经元 (ADL) 和运动的影响.
- 测量化学反应和运动模式 (暂停时间) 的行为测试.
主要成果:
- 而不是作为一种挥发性驱逐剂.
- 在ADL神经元中表达的新型G蛋白结合受体str-217被确定为DEET敏感性的关键.
- 在str-217突变或ADL神经元的删除赋予DEET耐药性.
- 这种效应取决于str-217和ADL神经元.
- 通过DEET或光遗传学激活ADL神经元会增加休息时间.
结论:
- 跨种类的DEET的有效性可能源于其破坏嗅觉刺激和行为反应之间的联系的能力.
- 已识别的str-217受体和ADL神经元为了解DEET的作用提供了一个模型.
- 通过调节化学传感路径,DEET起到"混"的作用,导致行为输出发生变化.
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