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风湿性关节炎的诊断和治疗:一篇综述
Daniel Aletaha1, Josef S Smolen1
1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 3, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
早期的类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 治疗,包括甲状腺和向治疗,可在90%的患者中预防不可逆转的关节损伤和残疾. 治疗到目标的策略是实现缓解和改善长期结果的关键.
科学领域:
- 关节病学
- 免疫学
- 药理学
背景情况:
- 类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 影响大约1000人中的5人,可能导致严重的关节损伤和残疾.
- 近几十年来,人们在了解RA病理生理学,结果测量和有效治疗策略方面取得了重大进展.
- 早期诊断和干预对于治疗 RA 和预防不可逆转的关节损伤至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查了解和治疗类风湿性关节炎的进展.
- 强调早期诊断和治疗对于预防关节炎相关残疾的重要性.
- 讨论当前和新兴的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 综述了RA病理生理学和治疗方面的最新科学进展.
- 分析治疗策略,包括疾病修饰性抗风湿药物 (DMARD),生物药物和Janus激酶抑制剂.
- 评估RA管理的"治疗到目标"策略.
主要成果:
- 在多达90%的患者中,早期治疗 RA 可以避免或减缓关节损伤的进展.
- 甲甲酸与葡萄皮类药物联合治疗是第一线治疗,在40-50%的患者中实现了缓解或低疾病活性.
- 随着时间的推移,使用TNF或Janus激酶抑制剂等向药物的顺序治疗可以将缓解率提高到75%.
- 生物仿制药的出现降低了先进的关节炎治疗成本.
结论:
- 科学进步使得有90%的 RA 患者能够预防不可逆转的关节损伤.
- 早期使用甲状腺素,葡萄糖皮质激素和随后的DMARD (例如TNF或IL-6抑制剂,Janus激酶抑制剂) 改善了结果.
- 一个治疗到目标的策略,旨在在6个月内缓解或降低疾病活动,有效地预防RA相关的残疾.
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