与年龄相关的斑点退化
Paul Mitchell1, Gerald Liew1, Bamini Gopinath1
1Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 11, 2018
概括
年龄相关的黄斑退化 (AMD) 是导致视力丧失的主要原因. 治疗有效地治疗新血管性AMD,但缩性AMD缺乏治疗方法,凸显了预防和再生医学的需求.
科学领域:
- 眼科 眼科
- 遗传学
- 与年龄相关的斑点退化病因
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 是不可逆转的视力损伤和失明的主要原因.
- AMD分为早期 (德鲁森,色素变化) 和晚期 (新血管,缩) 阶段.
- 病变发生涉及多因素路径,包括补充,脂质,血管和炎症过程,受遗传学 (CFH,ARMS2) 和生活方式 (吸烟,饮食) 的影响.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前对与年龄相关的黄斑退化 (AMD) 发病和治疗的理解.
- 突出治疗新血管性AMD的进展和治疗缩性AMD的挑战.
- 讨论AMD研究的未来方向,包括预防,个性化医疗和再生疗法.
主要方法:
- 关于AMD病变,风险因素和治疗干预措施的当前文献的审查.
- 对导致AMD发展和进展的遗传和非遗传因素的分析.
- 对抗血管内皮生长因子 (抗VEGF) 治疗和正在进行的临床试验等现有治疗的有效性进行评估.
主要成果:
- 遗传因素 (CFH,ARMS2) 和环境因素 (吸烟,低抗氧化剂摄入量) 在很大程度上影响了AMD的风险.
- 营养补充剂 (,抗氧化剂) 可以减缓AMD的进展.
- 静脉内抗VEGF疗法显著减少了新血管AMD导致的视力损失.
结论:
- 用抗VEGF药物有效治疗新血管性AMD,大大减少视力损伤.
- 目前缺乏经过验证的治疗方法,
- 未来的AMD治疗可能包括加强预防,个性化医疗,新疗法和再生方法.
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