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基本侧桃体对于快速逃生至关重要:人类和动物研究
David Terburg1, Diego Scheggia2, Rodrigo Triana Del Rio2
1Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Cell
|October 20, 2018
概括
基本侧桃体 (BLA) 对于在面临即时危险时选择活跃逃生而不是结至关重要. 这个大脑区域
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 比较心理学
- 行为生物学
背景情况:
- 动物研究确定了底侧杏仁体 (BLA) 和中央杏仁体 (CeA) 在防御行为中的作用.
- 将这些发现转化为人类对威胁的反应对于理解焦虑和恐惧至关重要.
- 在选择主动逃逸和被动结之间,BLA的特定功能需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 在人类和老鼠中研究底侧桃体 (BLA) 在调节主动逃脱与被动结中的保留作用.
- 为了比较人类与BLA病变的防御行为与BLA化学沉默的老鼠.
- 阐明神经通路,特别是涉及CEA,通过BLA调节威胁反应.
主要方法:
- 对具有天然双边BLA病变的人类和具有化学遗传诱导BLA沉默的老鼠进行比较研究.
- 在暴露于迫在眉的,可以逃脱的威胁 (Timm) 期间测量惊吓强度,结和逃脱的行为测试.
- 人类神经成像 (fMRI) 和动物神经电路分析 (化学遗传学,光遗传学) 来绘制BLA-CeA通路.
主要成果:
- 在各个物种中,BLA损伤/沉默损害了活跃逃逸的选择,导致对Timm的反应增加了结和惊吓.
- 人类神经成像表明BLA通过CeA抑制脑干通道以减少被动防御反应.
- Timm条件强化了向抑制性CeA通路的BLA投射,并激活了这种通路在BLA沉默的老鼠中挽救了行为缺陷.
结论:
- 通过CEA行动,BLA在适应性调节即将发生威胁的逃生行为方面发挥着保留作用.
- 这种机制涉及BLA-CeA抑制脑干途径,在动物和人类中是进化保守的.
- 了解这种途径可以了解恐惧和焦虑症的神经基础.
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