早期儿童肠道微生物组的时间发展
Christopher J Stewart1,2, Nadim J Ajami3, Jacqueline L O'Brien3
1Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. christopher.stewart@ncl.ac.uk.
Nature
|October 26, 2018
概括
早期的肠道微生物组分为三个阶段,受母乳养和出生方式的影响. 这些因素会影响微生物组成,可能会影响长期的健康和疾病风险.
科学领域:
- 人类微生物组研究
- 儿童健康
- 免疫学
背景情况:
- 早期的微生物对免疫系统的发展至关重要,
- 之前的研究缺乏在大型多中心群体中对婴儿微生物组的广泛描述.
研究的目的:
- 在大量婴儿中广泛描述正在发展的肠道微生物组.
- 确定影响微生物组结构和生命早期进展的关键因素.
- 探索早期微生物与小岛自身免疫或1型糖尿病之间的微妙关联.
主要方法:
- 使用16S rRNA和基因组测序对903名儿童 (3-46个月) 的便样本进行纵向分析.
- 使用了"年轻人糖尿病环境决定因素" (TEDDY) 研究的数据.
- 使用嵌套病例对照分析来将微生物分类与疾病发展联系起来.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的微生物组阶段:发育阶段 (3-14个月),过渡阶段 (15-30个月) 和稳定阶段 (31-46个月).
- 母乳接收是最强的因素,母乳养促进了Bifidobacterium和停止加速成熟 (Firmicutes).
- 在发育阶段,阴道分娩与更高的Bacteroides水平有关,这与多样性增加和更快的成熟有关.
结论:
- 早期的肠道微生物组组建成不同的阶段,受养和出生方式的影响.
- 环境因素和生命早期的微生物组成可能在小岛自身免疫和1型糖尿病的发展中起微妙的作用.
- 提供了研究长期健康结果的早期微生物与免疫相互作用的基础.
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