一个肠道微生物因子调节Drosophila的运动行为
Catherine E Schretter1, Jost Vielmetter2, Imre Bartos3
1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. cschrett@caltech.edu.
Nature
|October 26, 2018
概括
肠道微生物对动物的运动有很大影响. 特定的细菌和它们的酶,如酶,通过影响糖代谢来调节运动,由八氨基神经元介导.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 微生物学
- 动物的行为
背景情况:
- 动物行为研究往往忽视了外围影响,尽管有证据表明肠-大脑沟通会影响各种功能.
- 肠道微生物在调节宿主运动中的作用及其潜在机制在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究肠道微生物对Drosophila melanogaster宿主运动的影响.
- 确定肠道微生物组调节运动行为的分子和细胞机制.
主要方法:
- 使用无细菌和经过抗生素治疗的Drosophila melanogaster模型来评估运动行为.
- 研究了特定细菌的单一殖民的影响,包括乳杆菌.
- 检查了细菌酶西洛斯异构酶的作用及其对糖代谢的影响.
- 评估了八氨基神经元和八氨基胺在这些影响中介作用的作用.
主要成果:
- 没有细菌或接受抗生素治疗的表现出过度活跃的运动行为 (增加行走速度和日常活动).
- 通过使用 Lactobacillus brevis 的单一殖民, 挽救了过活的表型.
- 通过调节糖代谢,细菌酶克西洛斯异构酶模仿了微生物殖民的运动效应.
- 八氨基神经元的激活或八胺的使用抵消了西洛斯异构酶对运动的影响.
结论:
- 肠道微生物组在调节宿主运动中起着重要的,以前未知的作用.
- 通过糖代谢,细菌酶克西洛斯异构酶会影响Drosophila的运动.
- 八氨基神经元作为关键的调解者,将外围微生物信号与运动行为的调节联系起来.
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