哺乳动物肠道微生物群的传播方式
Andrew H Moeller1,2,3, Taichi A Suzuki2,3, Megan Phifer-Rixey4,2,3
1Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. andrew.moeller@berkeley.edu mnachman@berkeley.edu.
概括
哺乳动物的肠道细菌主要由父母传给后代 (垂直遗传). 一些细菌也在个人之间传播 (水平传播),特别是与人类疾病相关的细菌.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究
- 进化生物学
- 哺乳动物遗传学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物拥有多种影响健康的细菌.
- 宿主之间的细菌传播途径尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 通过实验确定哺乳动物中的微生物传播模式.
- 研究肠道细菌在多代宿主中的遗传模式.
主要方法:
- 从两个野生群体中衍生出17个内生小鼠系.
- 在最多11个宿主世代内监测肠道微生物组成.
- 分析了个体和种群层面的微生物群稳定性和交换.
主要成果:
- 微生物组合在小鼠系内保持稳定,表明主要是垂直遗传.
- 在不同的小鼠系之间进行了水平交换.
- 与含有人类病原体的细菌属相关的水平传播.
结论:
- 哺乳动物的肠道微生物主要是垂直遗传的.
- 横向传播发生在特定的种群中,并且与致病性有关.
- 这些发现与有关微生物传播和毒性的进化预测一致.
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