基于化环的结合能量盐:不敏感且高密度的材料
Lu Hu1,2, Ping Yin1, Gang Zhao1
1Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 27, 2018
概括
新的氨基功能化四能材料具有创纪录的密度和降低的灵敏度. 这些化合物与HMX和CL-20等基准相比具有优越的爆炸性能,为先进的高能材料设计铺平了道路.
科学领域:
- 材料科学
- 能量材料化学
- 晶体学
背景情况:
- 开发高性能能源材料对于各种应用至关重要.
- 由于其高含量和调节性质,四衍生物是有前途的候选物.
- 了解结构与性能关系是设计更安全,更有效的炸药的关键.
研究的目的:
- 合成和表征新的氨基功能化1,2,4-triazole[4,3-b][1,2,4,5]四衍生物.
- 研究分子间键和π-结合对晶体包装和密度的影响.
- 评估新能源材料的爆炸性能和灵敏度.
主要方法:
- 合成氨基功能化四化合物.
- 单晶X射线衍射用于结构测定和层间距离和包装系数的分析.
- 测量密度,灵敏度 (冲击和摩擦) 和爆炸特性 (速度和压力).
主要成果:
- 实现了创纪录的短层间距离 (2.7-2.9 Å) 和高包装系数 (0.805-0.807).
- 合成的化合物具有高密度 (1.92-1.99 g cm-3),超过目前的基准值.
- 与它们的中性前体相比,酸盐的敏感性显著降低.
- 爆炸性能 (速度高达10233 m s-1,压力高达49 GPa) 超过了HMX和CL-20的爆炸性能.
结论:
- 在这些四衍生物中,与平面 π 结合系统的化环结构提供了稳定性和高性能之间的平衡.
- 分子间的键和强的非对应相互作用在实现高密度和有利的晶体包装方面发挥着关键作用.
- 这些新能源材料代表了该领域的重大进步,为未来需要高能耗和更高安全性的应用提供了潜力.
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