蛋白质大分子中的远程能量转移
Elijah L Taylor1, Kevin J Metcalf, Benedetta Carlotti1,2
1Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 31, 2018
概括
研究人员在新型蛋白质大分子中展示了远程能量传输. 这些精确设计的结构使光蛋白之间的距离可以调节,从而在这个具有挑战性的长度模式中推进研究.
科学领域:
- 生物物理
- 蛋白质工程
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 在大型蛋白质复合体中研究能量转移具有合成挑战性.
- 基于蛋白质的超大分子为受控能量转移研究提供了一个有前途的平台.
- 之前的限制阻碍了长长度 (5-20 nm) 的调查.
研究的目的:
- 研究新型精确定义的基于蛋白质的大分子中的能量转移.
- 探索供体和接受体光蛋白之间的调节距离的影响.
- 了解巨分子大小与能量转移效率之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 具有定义长度和分子重量的单分散蛋白质大分子 (寡合体) 的构造.
- 纳入光蛋白作为捐赠者和接受者.
- 使用交叉连接长度和间隔蛋白质改变蛋白质之间的距离.
- 使用两光子吸收,稳定状态光和光上转变光谱的表征.
- 使用分子动力学模拟的实验结果的合理化.
主要成果:
- 通过两光子吸收观察到捐赠体和接受体双极之间的强合.
- 稳定状态光没有显示交叉连接器长度对能量传输效率的影响.
- 时间解析的光向上转换显示了随着交叉连接器长度的增加而降低的能量传递率.
- 分子动力学模拟解释了由于结构波动的稳定状态和时间解析测量之间的差异.
- 能量转移长度随着巨分子大小的增加而增加.
结论:
- 在大型蛋白质大分子中建立了长距离能量传输的证据.
- 这项研究强调了在测量能量转移时考虑结构动态的重要性.
- 蛋白质大分子提供了对能量转移过程的基本研究的多功能系统.
相关概念视频
01:16Energy Transfer in Chemical Reactions
11.5K
Chemical reactions require sufficient energy to cause the matter to collide with enough precision and force that old chemical bonds can be broken and new ones formed. In general, kinetic energy is the form of energy powering any type of matter in motion. Imagine a person building a brick wall. The energy it takes to lift and place one brick on top of another is the kinetic energy—the energy matter possesses because of its motion. Once the wall is in place, it stores potential energy.
11.5K
00:59Range
14.2K
The range is one of the measures of variation. It can be defined as the difference between a dataset's highest and lowest values. For example, in the study of seven 16-ounce soda cans, the filled volume of soda was measured, thus producing the following amount (in ounces) of soda:
15.9; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5
Measurements of the amount of soda in a 16-ounce can vary since different subjects record these measurements or since the exact amount - 16 ounces of liquid, was not...
15.9; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5
Measurements of the amount of soda in a 16-ounce can vary since different subjects record these measurements or since the exact amount - 16 ounces of liquid, was not...
14.2K
01:35Light as Energy
95.9K
The energy required to carry out photosynthesis is light— typically electromagnetic radiation from the sun. The range of all possible wavelengths is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
Photons
A photon is a discrete electromagnetic particle or bundle of energy. Photons are characterized by their frequency, wavelength, and amplitude, similar to the properties of a wave. Waves with higher frequencies transmit more energy and have shorter wavelengths than longer wavelengths that transmit...
Photons
A photon is a discrete electromagnetic particle or bundle of energy. Photons are characterized by their frequency, wavelength, and amplitude, similar to the properties of a wave. Waves with higher frequencies transmit more energy and have shorter wavelengths than longer wavelengths that transmit...
95.9K
02:56Free Energy and Equilibrium
27.3K
The free energy change for a process may be viewed as a measure of its driving force. A negative value for ΔG represents a driving force for the process in the forward direction, while a positive value represents a driving force for the process in the reverse direction. When ΔGrxn is zero, the forward and reverse driving forces are equal, and the process occurs in both directions at the same rate (the system is at equilibrium).
Recall that Q is the numerical value of the mass action...
Recall that Q is the numerical value of the mass action...
27.3K
04:10What is Energy?
59.0K
The universe is composed of matter in different forms, and all forms of matter contain energy. The different forms of energy on Earth originate from the Sun — the ultimate energy source. Plants capture light energy from the Sun, and, via the process of photosynthesis, convert it into chemical energy. This stored energy from plants can be harnessed in many ways. For example, eating plant products as food provides energy for our body to function, and burning wood or coal (fossilized...
59.0K
01:21Free Energy
52.0K
Free energy—abbreviated as G for the scientist Gibbs who discovered it—is a measurement of useful energy that can be extracted from a reaction to do work. It is the energy in a chemical reaction that is available after entropy is accounted for. Reactions that take in energy are considered endergonic and reactions that release energy are exergonic. Plants carry out endergonic reactions by taking in sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. Animals, in turn, break...
52.0K