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相关概念视频

Ecological Succession02:17

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Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
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As a system undergoes a change, its internal energy can change, and energy can be transferred from the system to the surroundings, or from the surroundings to the system.
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Thermal Energy Microscopically, thermal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules. Temperature is a quantitative measure of “hot” or “cold”, which depends on the amount of thermal energy. When the atoms and molecules in an object are moving or vibrating quickly, they have a higher average kinetic energy (KE) (or higher thermal energy), and the object is perceived as “hot”, or it is described as being at a higher temperature. When the...
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Sometimes, a data set can have a recorded numerical observation that greatly  deviates from the rest of the data. Assuming that the data is normally distributed, a statistical method called the Grubbs test can be used to determine whether the observation is truly an outlier.  To perform a two-tailed Grubbs test, first, calculate the absolute difference between the outlier and the mean. Then, calculate the ratio between this difference and the standard deviation of the sample. This...
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The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
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Examining Changes in HRV and Emotion Following Artmaking with Three Different Art Materials
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在艺术中量化声誉和成功

Samuel P Fraiberger1,2, Roberta Sinatra1,3,4,5, Magnus Resch6,7

  • 1Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 10, 2018
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艺术界的成功取决于早期的联系. 艺术家在早期进入知名机构时保持着高度知名度,而那些从边缘开始的人面临着有限的机会和更高的学率,这表明他们对艺术事业的途径有很大依赖.

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科学领域:

  • 艺术史
  • 网络分析
  • 艺术社会学

背景情况:

  • 在缺乏客观绩效指标的领域, 声誉和影响力网络在很大程度上决定了资源和奖励.
  • 了解这些动态对于分析艺术界的职业发展和评价至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 研究网络地位和早期机构对艺术家长期职业发展轨迹的影响.
  • 量化声望和网络中心在艺术品估值和资源分配中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 重建50万名艺术家的展览历史,绘制艺术联合展览网络.
  • 网络中心性分析以衡量机构的声望和艺术家进入场馆的机会.
  • 应用马尔科夫模型来预测和分析艺术家的职业道路和历史依赖.

主要成果:

  • 早期进入中央,高声望的机构与持续进入顶级场所和较低的职业学率相关.
  • 来自网络边缘地区的艺术家面临更高的学率和受限制的进入知名机构.
  • 这项研究证实艺术家在艺术市场的估值有很强的路径和历史依赖.

结论:

  • 一个艺术家的初始网络地位和机构关系极大地影响了他们的整个职业生涯.
  • 艺术世界表现出路径依赖, 早期的机会对未来的成功和估值有很大影响.
  • 网络的中心地位是机构声望的关键指标,并影响艺术家的长期职业发展.