线粒体复合体III对于调节性T细胞的抑制功能至关重要
Samuel E Weinberg1, Benjamin D Singer1,2, Elizabeth M Steinert1
1Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Nature
|January 11, 2019
概括
调节性T (Treg) 细胞需要线粒体复合体III进行免疫抑制. 通过损害Treg功能和改变基因表达而导致致命的炎症.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 细胞代谢
背景情况:
- 调节性T (Treg) 细胞对于免疫耐受性和平衡至关重要.
- Treg 细胞具有独特的代谢特征,具有增强的线粒体代谢.
- 线粒体呼吸在Treg细胞功能,稳定性和生存中的作用之前尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查线粒体呼吸链对于Treg细胞抑制能力,稳定性和生存的必要性.
- 确定线粒体呼吸受损对Treg细胞功能和相关分子机制的影响.
主要方法:
- 在Treg细胞中产生T细胞特异性线粒体呼吸链复合物III的小鼠.
- 评估Treg细胞数量,增殖,存活率和抑制能力.
- 在缺乏复合III的Treg细胞中分析了基因表达,DNA甲基化和代谢物概况.
主要成果:
- 在小鼠中,Treg细胞特异性 III 复合体的切除导致致命的炎症性疾病.
- 缺少Treg细胞复合III的小鼠显示T细胞抑制受损,但没有影响Treg细胞增殖或存活率.
- 在Treg细胞中,复合III缺乏导致Treg功能相关基因的表达减少和Foxp3表达稳定.
- 丧失复合III增加了DNA甲基化和抑制TETDNA脱甲基酶的2- 酸和酸水平.
结论:
- 线粒体呼吸链复合物III对于Treg细胞的免疫抑制功能至关重要.
- 在Treg细胞中的线粒体呼吸功能受损会破坏免疫平衡,并导致炎症性疾病.
- 维护Treg细胞特异性基因表达和功能需要复合III活性,可能通过表观遗传调节.
相关概念视频
01:25Compounds Essential to Human Function
10.2K
The human body is composed of cells that are fundamentally made up of several different molecules. These molecules are essential to carry out all physiological processes in the body and are broadly classified into organic and inorganic based on their chemical structures.
Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
Inorganic compounds essential to human functioning include water, salts, acids, and bases. These compounds are inorganic, i.e., they do not have a carbon-hydrogen bond. Water...
Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
Inorganic compounds essential to human functioning include water, salts, acids, and bases. These compounds are inorganic, i.e., they do not have a carbon-hydrogen bond. Water...
10.2K
02:02Cis-regulatory Sequences
11.8K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
11.8K
01:28Types of Functions III
263
Logarithmic and piecewise functions play central roles in mathematical modeling, particularly when capturing nonlinear or segmented behaviors in real-world phenomena. Although these functions differ fundamentally in structure and application, both serve to represent complex relationships in simplified mathematical terms.A logarithmic function is defined as the inverse of an exponential function, expressed as These functions grow quickly for small values of x but slow down as x increases,...
263
01:20Transformations of Functions III
203
Transformations modify the graphical representation of a function without changing its fundamental form. One common transformation is reflection, which flips the graph across a designated axis. When the vertical coordinates of all points are multiplied by the negative one, the entire graph is mirrored over the horizontal axis. This transformation reverses the vertical orientation of peaks and troughs, akin to signal inversion in electrical systems, where a waveform is flipped, but the timing of...
203
02:59Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
9.2K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.2K
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
26.1K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
26.1K