激活的PMN外体:致病性实体导致肺部的基质破坏和疾病
Kristopher R Genschmer1, Derek W Russell1, Charitharth Lal2
1Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Lung Health Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Cell
|January 12, 2019
概括
新型中性粒细胞衍生外体携带中性粒细胞弹性酶 (NE),通过降解细胞外基质导致慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和支气管肺功能失调 (BPD). 这些外体对抑制剂具有耐药性,并转移疾病表型.
科学领域:
- 生物化学
- 细胞生物学
- 病理学
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 涉及细胞外基质 (ECM) 的降解.
- 中性粒细胞及其产物,如中性粒细胞弹性酶 (NE),都与COPD的发病有关.
- 在像COPD这样的ECM平衡障碍中外体的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 鉴定和描述COPD相关的新型病原体.
- 研究由中性粒细胞衍生出来的外体细胞对ECM降解的机制.
- 探索这些外体在其他疾病 (如支气管肺张症) 中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 从人类受试者中分细胞衍生的外体的分离和表征.
- 对外体表面标记物 (CD63,CD66b) 和相关蛋白质 (NE) 的分析.
- 在体外测定以评估对ECM和NE活性的结合.
- 使用小鼠模型评估疾病表型转移的体内研究.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出活性化多态核白细胞 (PMN) 衍生的外体,表达CD63和CD66b.
- 这些外体携带抗α1-抗素 (α1AT) 的表面结合NE.
- 外体NE通过Mac-1和NE降解ECM,模仿COPD的特征;这种外体NE比自由NE更有效.
- 在COPD和BPD患者中发现了PMN衍生外体,但在健康对照组中没有发现.
- 这些外体以一种不依赖于NE的方式将类似于COPD的表型传递给小鼠.
结论:
- 中性粒细胞衍生的外体是COPD和BPD的新型致病因子.
- 外体NE对α1AT的耐药性和强大的ECM降解活性驱动疾病病理.
- 这些发现显示出外体是ECM平衡障碍中蛋白质分解损伤的关键媒介.
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