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相关概念视频

PD Controller: Design01:26

PD Controller: Design

638
In automotive engineering, car suspension systems often employ Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers to enhance performance. PD controllers are utilized to adjust the damping force in response to road conditions. A controller, acting as an amplifier with a constant gain, demonstrates proportional control, with output directly mirroring input.
Designing a continuous-data controller requires selecting and linking components like adders and integrators, which are fundamental in Proportional,...
638
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

391
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
391
Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:24

Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

359
Proportional-Derivative (PD) controllers are widely used in fan control systems to improve stability and performance. A fan control system can be effectively represented using a Bode plot to illustrate the impact of a PD controller through its transfer function. The Bode plot visually conveys how PD control modifies the fan's response across various frequencies, providing a frequency domain interpretation of the controller's behavior.
The proportional control gain, combined with the...
359
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

542
Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
542
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

630
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
630
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

441
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
441
  1. 首页
  3. 布罗利祖马布与化学疗法对先前未经治疗的pd- L1表达,局部晚期或转移的非小细胞肺癌 (keynote-042):一个随机的,开放的,受控的第三期试验
  1. 首页
  3. 布罗利祖马布与化学疗法对先前未经治疗的pd- L1表达,局部晚期或转移的非小细胞肺癌 (keynote-042):一个随机的,开放的,受控的第三期试验

相关实验视频

Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression
06:03

Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression

Published on: January 19, 2019

18.2K

布罗利祖马布与化学疗法对先前未经治疗的PD- L1表达,局部晚期或转移的非小细胞肺癌 (KEYNOTE-042):一个随机的,开放的,受控的第三期试验

Tony S K Mok1, Yi-Long Wu2, Iveta Kudaba3

  • 1Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of South China, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.

Lancet (London, England)
|April 9, 2019

在PubMed 上查看摘要

概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

在转移性非小细胞肺癌患者中,第一线 pembrolizumab 显著改善了整体存活率,不论是编程死亡配体1 (PD- L1) 瘤比例评分 (TPS). 与化疗相比,这种免疫疗法在更广泛的患者群体中提供了更好的益处风险概况.

更多相关视频

Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
07:43

Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Published on: September 25, 2018

11.0K
Semi-automatic PD-L1 Characterization and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Immunofluorescence
10:29

Semi-automatic PD-L1 Characterization and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Immunofluorescence

Published on: August 14, 2019

11.1K

相关实验视频

Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression
06:03

Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression

Published on: January 19, 2019

18.2K
Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
07:43

Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Published on: September 25, 2018

11.0K
Semi-automatic PD-L1 Characterization and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Immunofluorescence
10:29

Semi-automatic PD-L1 Characterization and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Immunofluorescence

Published on: August 14, 2019

11.1K

科学领域:

  • 癌症学
  • 免疫疗法
  • 非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 的研究

背景情况:

  • 对于未经治疗的PD- L1 TPS≥50%的转移性NSCLC来说,已经确立了第一线 pembrolizumab 单疗法.
  • 这项研究评估了PD- L1 TPS ≥1%的接受布罗利祖马布的患者的整体存活期 (OS).
  • EGFR突变或ALK转位是排除的标准.

研究的目的:

  • 在转移性NSCLC和PD- L1TPS≥1%的患者中,评估一线 pembrolizumab单疗与化疗的疗效.
  • 为了比较不同PD- L1TPS小组的整体存活率 (≥50%,≥20%和≥1%).
  • 与化疗相比,评估勃利祖马布的安全性和耐受性.

主要方法:

  • 这是一项在32个国家进行的随机,开放的第三阶段研究.
  • 1274名未经治疗的转移性NSCLC患者 (PD- L1 TPS ≥1%,ECOG 0- 1) 被随机分组为1:1组.
  • 患者接受了罗利祖马布 (200 mg每3周) 或研究人员选择的基于的化疗.

主要成果:

  • 与化疗相比, pembrolizumab 在所有TPS群体中显著改善了生存状况 (≥50%,≥20%和≥1%).
  • 佩布罗利祖马布与化疗的中位数是16. 7与12. 1个月 (TPS ≥1%),17. 7与13. 0个月 (TPS ≥20%) 和20. 0与12. 2个月 (TPS ≥50%).
  • 3级或更严重的与治疗相关的不良事件在 pembrolizumab (18%) 与化疗 (41%) 较少.

    • 结论:

    • 与转移性NSCLC的第一线化疗相比,Pembrolizumab单一疗法显示出更高的疗效和有利的益处风险概况.
    • 这些发现支持将勃利祖马布单一治疗扩展到PD- L1 TPS较低的患者 (≥1%).
    • 布罗利祖马布对于更广泛的晚期NSCLC患者来说是一个有价值的治疗选择.