在带正电荷的闪电分支上发现了针状结构
B M Hare1, O Scholten2,3, J Dwyer4
1KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. b.h.hare@rug.nl.
Nature
|April 19, 2019
概括
新的研究揭示了"针头",小等离子体结构,是射电源的主要来源从积极的领导者在闪电. 这些结构解释了领导者断电和多个云到地面的闪电事件.
科学领域:
- 大气物理
- 血物理
- 电磁学
背景情况:
- 闪电是一种鲜为人知的自然现象,
- 消极的领导者会发出无线电脉冲, 而积极的领导者会发出较少的高频辐射,
- 之前关于领导者脱节的理论缺乏对领导者积极行为的完整解释.
研究的目的:
- 调查闪电中正导体的无线电发射源.
- 了解领导者脱节和多个云对地面闪电事件背后的机制.
主要方法:
- 三维无线电干扰观测闪电.
- 对闪电现象的高时空分辨率成像.
主要成果:
- 确定了被称为"针头"的小等离子结构,作为正导体的主导无线电发射源.
- 观察到这些"针头"似乎会从领导者身上排出电荷.
- 发现"针头"与领导者脱节事件之间存在关联.
结论:
- "针头"负责正向导的无线电辐射.
- "针头"很可能解释了为什么积极的领导者会与负面的领导者断绝联系.
- "针头"也可以解释云对地面闪电事件的多重连接.
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