针对CBM复合体导致Treg细胞成为主要瘤的免疫检查点治疗
Mauro Di Pilato1,2, Edward Y Kim3,4, Bruno L Cadilha3
1Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. mdipilato@mgh.harvard.edu.
Nature
|May 17, 2019
概括
在调节性T (Treg) 细胞中破坏CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1复合体将它们转化为产生IFNγ的效应细胞,从而阻止瘤生长. 这种有针对性的方法为增强免疫检查点治疗预备瘤,而不会引起自身免疫.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 癌症学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 透瘤的调节性T (Treg) 细胞抑制了抗瘤免疫力,阻碍了有效的癌症免疫治疗.
- 目前的免疫疗法因抗瘤炎症和Treg介导的免疫抑制而面临挑战.
- 在T细胞信号通路中,CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) 信号体复合体起着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究瘤透Treg细胞中破坏CBM信号组合的功能后果.
- 确定Treg细胞重编程是否可以增强抗瘤免疫力并改善免疫治疗结果.
- 探索将CBM复合物用于新型癌症治疗策略的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在瘤微环境中的Treg细胞中遗传删除CARMA1等位基因.
- 修改Treg细胞产生的细胞因子 (IFNγ) 的分析.
- 免疫细胞激活 (巨细胞) 和瘤细胞标志物表达的评估 (MHC I类,PD-L1).
- 涉及CARMA1删除和PD-1阻断的组合治疗研究.
- 药物抑制MALT1作为一种替代治疗方法.
主要成果:
- 破坏CBM复合体诱导瘤透的Treg细胞产生IFNγ,导致瘤生长迟缓.
- 在Treg细胞中部分遗传删除足以产生抗瘤作用而无系统性自身免疫.
- 由Treg细胞产生的IFNγ促进了巨细胞的激活和MHC I类的瘤细胞上调.
- 结合CARMA1删除和PD-1阻断导致对PD-1单一治疗耐药的模型的瘤排斥.
- 药物抑制MALT1模拟了基因CARMA1破坏的抗瘤作用.
结论:
- 部分破坏CBM复合体将Treg细胞转化为IFNγ分泌的效应细胞,促进抗瘤免疫力.
- 针对Treg细胞中的CBM复合体提供了一种克服免疫抑制和增强免疫疗法的策略.
- 这种方法使瘤微环境为成功的免疫检查点治疗做好准备,
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