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相关概念视频

Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.6K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
40.6K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

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23.2K
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

3.7K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
3.7K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.8K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

3.2K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
3.2K
Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight01:01

Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight

3.8K
Unlike small molecules with definite molecular weights, polymers are a mixture of individual polymer chains of varying lengths, each with a unique molecular weight.  So, the molecular weight of a polymer is expressed as an average value based on the average size of the polymer chains. The two most common forms of averages used for polymers are the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight.
The number average molecular weight (Mn) is the summation of the number...
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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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具有悬浮五基的聚合物中的持久多 excitons

Lauren M Yablon1, Samuel N Sanders1, Hua Li2

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 24, 2019
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究探讨了聚合物链中的单片裂变,通过穿越空间的相互作用实现了高效的激子乘法. 这种新型的五聚合物产生了长寿的三胞胎,

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科学领域:

  • 有机光伏产品
  • 材料科学
  • 摄影化学

背景情况:

  • 单子裂变 (SF) 是有机物质中一个关键的激子乘法过程,将一个单子激子转化为两个三重激子.
  • 传统的SF研究侧重于晶体膜或分离的分子二极体.
  • 一种涉及聚合物链中穿越空间相互作用的中间模式仍未得到充分探索.

研究的目的:

  • 在隔离的聚合物链中研究单片裂变和三片对重组.
  • 探索如何将五色素添加到多聚基骨干会影响SF效率和三重体动力学.
  • 确定这些聚合物系统能否产生长寿的三胞胎.

主要方法:

  • 聚合物的合成与悬挂的五烯单元连接到一个多聚烯骨干.
  • 对光物理过程的光谱检测,包括单粒裂变和三粒灭.
  • 分析分子动力学及其对SF和三重复合动力学的影响.
  • 在溶液和薄膜状态下测量三重激素寿命.

主要成果:

  • 具有悬浮五基的宏分子表现出通过空间 π-π 相互作用调解的高效单片裂变.
  • 三倍重组被确定为双结合过程,重组率取决于聚合物分子量.
  • 与传统的晶体染色体相比,合成的悬浮聚合物表现出优越的自由三重体寿命.

结论:

  • 悬浮五聚合物为利用穿越空间的相互作用提供了一个有前途的平台,以实现高效的单片裂变.
  • 这些聚合物提供了一个可行的途径来产生长寿命的三重激子,超过了晶体类型的性能.
  • 这些发现为设计用于能源转化应用的先进有机材料开辟了新的途径.