根据大气观测,中国东部的CFC-11排放量增加
Nature
|May 24, 2019
概括
已发现中国东部的三甲 (CFC-11) 排放量有所增加,这对全球排放量有很大影响. 这种新生产和使用CFC-11与逐步淘汰破坏臭氧层物质的国际协议不一致.
科学领域:
- 大气化学和环境科学.
- 保护臭氧层和减缓气候变化
背景情况:
- 层级臭氧层的恢复取决于减少破坏臭氧的气体,如化碳 (CFC).
- 大气中的CFC-11度一直在下降,
- 东亚的CFC-11排放量有所增加,但来源地区和规模尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查和确定在东亚地区增加的CFC-11排放的区域来源和规模.
- 确定东亚排放对CFC-11全球增加的贡献.
- 评估"蒙特利尔议定书"对CFC生产和使用的遵守.
主要方法:
- 使用来自韩国和日本的高频大气观测.
- 综合全球监测数据与大气化学物质运输模型模拟.
- 分析了2008-2012年和2014-2017年间的CFC-11排放变化
主要成果:
- 在2014年至2017年期间,中国大陆东部的显著CFC-11排放量比2008年至2012年高7.0±3.0 Gg/年.
- 排放量增加主要集中在中国东北部的山东和河北省.
- 确定这些中国的排放占全球CFC-11排放增加的40-60%.
- 没有证据表明其他东亚国家或其他监测的全球地区的CFC-11排放量有所增加.
结论:
- 中国东部的CFC-11排放增加可能是由于新的生产和使用.
- 这一发现与"蒙特利尔议定书"在2010年之前逐步停止全球CFC生产相矛盾.
- 由于潜在来源地区的数据稀少,需要进一步的监测来归因于全球CFC-11排放的剩余增加.
相关概念视频
05:12Murine Nasal Lavage Fluid Collection without Blood Contamination
1.7K
The present protocol describes a novel method for avoiding blood contamination in murine nasal lavage fluid (NLF). Since this method ensures the NLF collection without blood contamination, it allows for more accurate detections of immunological components and various respiratory...
1.7K
03:40Nasolacrimal Lavage as a Treatment for Ocular Surface Toxic Soup Syndrome
1.1K
OSTSS leads to pooled inflammatory mediators in the tear film, causing symptoms like epiphora and discomfort. Here, we present a case where therapeutic nasolacrimal lavage every 2 months resolved epiphora and itchiness, suggesting its efficacy as a therapeutic intervention for OSTSS. Additionally, we report subjective improvements in symptoms in 3 additional...
1.1K
04:35Saline Lavage for Sampling of the Canine Nasal Immune Microenvironment
880
Saline nasal lavage can be used to sample the canine nasal immune microenvironment. Because the approach is relatively non-invasive and does not disrupt the nasal tissues, it can be performed serially. Cells and proteins collected from the nasal lavage technique can be processed for various laboratory analyses.
880
08:47Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
2.9K
A protocol for conducting a challenge in an allergen exposure chamber (AEC) facility is presented. AECs have proven to be safe and effective tools for the induction of allergic symptoms or as an endpoint in the efficacy testing of allergen immunotherapy due to their ability to maintain stable particle concentrations and environmental...
2.9K
06:49Reduced Itraconazole Concentration and Durations Are Successful in Treating Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Infection in Amphibians
12.0K
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection in amphibians can be eliminated using a reduced concentration (0.0025%) and shorter duration (five minute baths for six days) of itraconazole than is generally used. Less mortality and fewer negative side effects were observed using this modified treatment...
12.0K
07:15Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice
61.4K
A method to intranasally administer drugs to awake mice for the purpose of targeting the brain is described. This method allows for repeat dosing over long periods using intranasal administration of drug without anesthesia, and nose-to-brain delivery with minimal systemic...
61.4K