人类肠道微生物群自闭症谱系障碍促进小鼠的行为症状
Gil Sharon1, Nikki Jamie Cruz1, Dae-Wook Kang2
1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Cell
|June 1, 2019
概括
在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中的肠道微生物组可以诱导小鼠的自闭症行为. 肠道中的微生物代谢物可能会影响大脑功能和自闭症症状,突出显示肠道与大脑的联系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 微生物学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是社会沟通缺陷和刻板印象的行为.
- 虽然涉及遗传因素,但ASD和典型发育 (TD) 个体之间的肠道微生物组存在差异,但因果关系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究肠道微生物是否有助于ASD相关行为.
- 探索微生物代谢物在自闭症病理生理学中的作用及其对肠-大脑轴的影响.
主要方法:
- 从自闭症捐赠者和TD对照者的人类肠道微生物被移植到没有细菌的小鼠中.
- 进行了行为分析,脑基因表达 (替代拼接),微生物组和代谢组概况.
- 用候选微生物代谢物治疗ASD小鼠模型.
主要成果:
- 通过与ASD微生物群结合, 诱导小鼠的特征自闭症行为.
- 在小鼠大脑中改变了ASD微生物组的基因拼接, 特别是与ASD相关的基因.
- 在小鼠模型中,微生物代谢物被确定为自闭症行为调节剂,改善异常和神经元刺激性.
结论:
- 肠道微生物组可以通过产生神经活性代谢物来调节小鼠的行为.
- 由微生物代谢物介导的肠脑连接被认为有助于自闭症的病理生理学.
- 针对肠道微生物及其代谢产物为ASD提供了潜在的治疗途径.
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
1.0K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
1.0K
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
64.9K
The electromagnetic spectrum consists of all the types of electromagnetic radiation arranged according to their frequency and wavelength. Each of the various colors of visible light has specific frequencies and wavelengths associated with them, and you can see that visible light makes up only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Because the technologies developed to work in various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are different, for reasons of convenience and historical...
64.9K
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
33.4K
Electromagnetic waves are categorized according to their wavelengths and frequencies, giving the electromagnetic spectrum. These waves are classified as radio, infrared, ultraviolet, etc. Radio waves refer to electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from millimeters to kilometers. Radio waves are commonly used for audio communications (i.e., radios) and typically result from an alternating current in the wires of a broadcast antenna. They cover a broad wavelength range and are used...
33.4K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
1.5K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
RBD is significantly associated with...
1.5K
IR Spectrum
2.0K
When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0%...
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0%...
2.0K
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region
18.7K
The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences. The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
18.7K


