乳酸是通过向MAVS抑制RLR信号的天然抑制剂
Weina Zhang1, Guihua Wang2, Zhi-Gang Xu3
1State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, Beijing 100850, China; Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USA.
Cell
|June 4, 2019
概括
糖解通常通过产生乳酸来抑制免疫信号,乳酸与MAVS结合并阻止病毒防御. 降低乳酸水平可以提高I型干扰素的产生,从而提高免疫力.
科学领域:
- 天生的免疫力
- 代谢调节
- 信号传输
背景情况:
- 视网膜酸诱导基因-I (RIG-I) 类受体 (RLR) 信号传递对于宿主防御病毒感染和癌症监测至关重要.
- I型干扰素 (IFN) 是RLR激活过程中产生的关键细胞因子,对抗病毒免疫力至关重要.
- 细胞的代谢状态可以影响免疫反应,但糖解在RLR信号传递中的具体作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究糖解在RLR激活时调节I型IFN的作用.
- 确定糖解影响RLR信号的分子机制.
- 探索针对葡萄糖溶解的治疗策略,以增强抗病毒免疫力.
主要方法:
- 使用基于细胞的测定和生物化学方法研究了RLR激活和糖解之间的相互作用.
- 使用药理抑制剂和遗传方法 (例如,乳酸脱酶A (LDHA) 失活) 来调节糖解和乳酸水平.
- 在改变糖解条件下的小鼠模型中评估I型IFN的产生和病毒清除.
主要成果:
- 在RLR激活过程中,活性糖解会抑制I型IFN的产生.
- 激活RLR会导致六基因酶的封存,破坏糖分分解并损害线粒体功能.
- 乳酸盐是糖解的产物,直接与MAVS蛋白结合,防止其聚合和随后的下游信号.
- 降低乳酸水平,例如通过禁用LDHA,可以增强RLR介导的I型IFN的产生,并改善小鼠的病毒保护.
结论:
- 通过直接感知和对抗MAVS,糖解衍生乳酸作为RLR信号的关键抑制剂.
- MAVS 作为连接细胞能量代谢 (糖分解) 与先天免疫反应的分子环节.
- 针对乳酸的产量是一个潜在的策略来增强针对病毒感染的IFN介导免疫力.
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