三项公共卫生干预措施可以在25年内挽救9400万人的生命
Vasilis Kontis1, Laura K Cobb2, Colin D Mathers3
1School of Public Health and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, UK (V.K., M.E.).
Circulation
|June 11, 2019
概括
实施三项关键干预措施,即血压治疗,降低和消除反式脂肪,可以在25年内防止全球近1亿人死于心血管疾病. 这些策略为全球预防心血管疾病提供了巨大潜力.
科学领域:
- 心血管流行病学
- 公共卫生干预措施
- 预防医学
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病,主要是心血管疾病,导致全球每年3.8亿人死亡.
- 有效的干预措施存在, 但缺乏广泛的获取, 阻碍了预防工作.
- 这项研究量化了三种高效可行的心血管疾病干预措施对死亡率的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估扩大高血压治疗,减少摄入量和消除人工反式脂肪对全球死亡率的影响.
- 预测这些干预措施在25年内挽救的生命数量.
- 确定这些公共卫生战略的影响的区域差异.
主要方法:
- 使用了全球血压,和反式脂肪摄入量以及心血管疾病死亡率的数据.
- 使用人口健康调查和区域药物覆盖率数据的综合分析.
- 应用了一般化人口归因分数方法来估计从2015年到2040年的死亡率减少.
主要成果:
- 联合干预可以在25年内延迟9430万例死亡.
- 仅仅治疗高血压就能延迟3940万例死亡;减少含量就能延迟400万例死亡;消除反式脂肪就能延迟1480万例死亡.
- 南亚地区的反式脂肪消除影响最大;撒哈拉以南非洲地区的过早延迟死亡比例最大.
结论:
- 三种干预措施可以在25年内拯救全球近1亿人的生命.
- 扩大这些干预措施对于心血管疾病预防计划至关重要.
- 需要国家和国际努力才能有效实施这些拯救生命的战略.
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