世界各地的公民诚实
Alain Cohn1, Michel André Maréchal2, David Tannenbaum3
1School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. adcohn@umich.edu michel.marechal@econ.uzh.ch.
概括
人们更有可能返还丢失的钱包, 这种公民诚实行为是由利他主义驱动的,
科学领域:
- 行为经济学
- 社会心理学
- 全球研究
背景情况:
- 公民诚实对于社会资本和经济发展至关重要.
- 诚实往往与个人物质利益相冲突.
- 了解这种权衡是社会运作的关键.
研究的目的:
- 在全球范围内调查物质利益与公民诚实之间的关系.
- 在一个大规模实地实验中测试诚信的预测.
- 确定影响丢失物品返回的因素.
主要方法:
- 在40个国家的355个城市进行实地实验, 涉及超过17000个"丢失"钱包.
- 钱包中的金钱数量各不相同.
- 测量了收件人联系返回钱包的速度.
主要成果:
- 在大多数国家中,在钱包中的金额与其返回的可能性之间观察到显著的正相关性.
- 这一发现对于普通人和经济学家来说都是反直觉的.
- 增加了不诚实的经济激励,
结论:
- 公民诚实受到超越纯粹经济利益的因素的影响,
- 为了避免被视为盗窃者,人们越来越希望从不诚实中获得财富.
- 结果挑战了传统的经济模式,
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