肠道微生物组和代谢物在小鼠ALS调节中的潜在作用
Eran Blacher1, Stavros Bashiardes1, Hagit Shapiro1
1Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Nature
|July 23, 2019
概括
肠道细菌会影响小鼠肌缩侧面硬化 (ALS) 的进展. 某些细菌如Akkermansia muciniphila表现出保护作用,而其他细菌则加重症状,
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 微生物学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 肌缩性侧面硬化 (ALS) 是一种由遗传和环境因素影响的复杂神经退行性疾病.
- 肠道微生物在神经退行性疾病中的作用是一个新兴的研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 研究肠道微生物组改变对Sod1转基因小鼠的ALS病变的影响.
- 识别调节ALS严重性的特定细菌物种和代谢物.
主要方法:
- 在不同条件下分析Sod1-Tg小鼠的肠道微生物组和代谢物概况 (体,无细菌,抗生素治疗).
- 特定细菌类与ALS严重性的相关性.
- 用单个细菌物种和尼古丁胺在Sod1-Tg小鼠中的补充研究.
- 人类ALS患者和对照患者的微生物组和代谢物概况的比较.
主要成果:
- Sod1-Tg小鼠表现出症状前的,依赖于生殖器的肠道失调症,使ALS恶化.
- 阿克尔曼西亚菌可以缓解ALS症状,而Ruminococcus torques和Parabacteroides distasonis则会加剧这些症状.
- 与Akkermansia muciniphila相关的尼古丁胺改善了Sod1-Tg小鼠的运动功能和脊髓基因表达.
- 人类ALS患者表现出不同的微生物组和代谢物,包括尼古丁胺的减少.
结论:
- 环境驱动的微生物组与大脑的相互作用可能会调节ALS.
- 针对肠道微生物和尼古丁胺代谢是一种潜在的治疗策略.
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