新西兰卫生系统:普遍主义与持续的不平等斗争
Felicity Goodyear-Smith1, Toni Ashton2
1Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 6, 2019
概括
新西兰
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 医疗服务研究
- 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 新西兰有一个由税收资助的全民医疗服务,
- 系统的普遍导向和社会服务承诺导致了有利的健康统计数据.
- 尽管有努力,但卫生不平等仍然存在,在获得护理和实现所有人口群体平等结果方面存在挑战.
研究的目的:
- 分析新西兰全民医疗系统的优缺点.
- 发现持续存在的不平等现象和阻碍公平健康成果的障碍.
- 提出改善健康公平和人口健康的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 这项研究是基于所提供的摘要的政策和系统分析.
- 它回顾了新西兰卫生系统的历史发展和结构特征.
- 它批判性地研究了政策对健康公平和结果的影响.
主要成果:
- 虽然新西兰的医疗系统具有积极的特点,
- 主要和医院服务的独立发展,以及1990年代的重组,并没有带来预期的效率增长.
- 专注于个人服务和目标已经掩盖了社区健康促进和预防肥胖和贫困相关疾病等问题.
结论:
- 加强卫生系统的文化和能力对于提高公平性至关重要.
- 建议包括扩大毛利人的健康服务,整合服务,与需求协调资源,并加强以人口为基础的方法.
- 应对当代健康状况的驱动因素需要转向以公平为重点,以社区为基础的战略.
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